Kasperske Hory, a charming little mountain town on the edge of the Sumava National Forest, was built on gold. Based on evidence unearthed at forts, as early as the first part of the first century B.C. Celtic tribes worked gold into ornaments here. But it wasn't until the 13th century under the Luxembourg dynasty that mining technology reached a level capable of turning the gold ore surrounding the town into significant riches and influence -- enough to be jealously guarded. As tensions rose between Bohemia and neighboring Bavaria, Charles IV (son of John of Luxembourg) found the threat of German acquisition serious enough to merit building a fortress to protect what had become a major trade route.
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