This town was founded by Josef II. near Litomerice at the end of the 18th century and is an outstanding example of a military fortress, which was built in the classic style. The complex includes three parts: The main fortress with a garrison area, known as the Small Fortress, and the Upper and the Lower "Water Gates". The garrison town was built on a regular plan and includes a square along with a classic church from the beginning of the 19th century in its core. The military fortress with large bastions and underground casemates was preserved almost undamaged. The town was famous for its Jewish detention camp during the Second World War. A prison was established in the Small Fortress, which belonged to the Prague Gestapo. The Monument of Victims of Nazism is located here as a memento of the modern European history.
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